VI бие даалт
I find the mistakes and correct item
1.on 2.have being 3.of 4.borrow 5.finishing 6.to(no)9. speak 10. tall 11. waiting 12.watching 13. to learn 14.damage 15.luggage 16.talking 17. on carring
II choose the correct one
1b 2a 3a 4c 5c 6c 7b 8c 9b 10a 11a 12c 13b 14a 15b 16b 17b 18b 19a 20c21a 22c 23a 24a 25c 26a 27c 28c 29c 30a 31a 32c 33a 34a 35b 36a 37c 38b 39b 40a41a 42c 43b 44b 45b 46a 47c 48c 49c 50b51b 52c 53a 54c 55a 56b 57b 58a 59b 60a61b 62b 63c

V дугаар бие даалт
I choose the correct one
1b 2a 3b 4c 5c 6c 7a 8a 9b 10b11a 12b 13b 14b 15a 16b 17c 18c 19b 20c21b 22c 23c 24a 25c 26a 27b 28c 29c 30b
II choose the correct item
31b 32a 33a 34c 35a 36b 37a 38b
III match the sentences
39c 40a 41d 42b
IV fill in the correct word derived from the word in brackets
architectural, talented,famous,creature,disastrous,destroyed,impressionable,beautiful
V choose the correct one
1c 2a 3c 4b 5c 6a 7a 8b 9a 10a 11a 12b 13c 14a 15c 16a 17a 18c 19b 20b

Out [owt]
(past and past participle out·ed, present participle out·ing, 3rd person present singular outs) CORE-MEANING: a grammatical word indicating that somebody or something is away from a place or removed from somewhere
adv The child raced out and got back onto the bike
adv She yanked out the weeds
adj She's been out late every night.
1. adv
Away from particular place: away from a place, especially the inside of something
He reached underneath the bed and hauled out a heavy box.
The child scampered out and jumped on the bike.
2. adv
Outside: outside a place rather than inside
It's cold out.
3. adv
In another place: in another place, usually far away
She's out in Australia, I think.
4. adv
Indicates end point: indicates a goal or objective achieved in the action specified by the verb
Stick it out - never give up.
5. adv
Existing: in existence
It's one of the best albums out.
6. adv
So as to retire from play: in baseball, in such a way as to retire a batter or team, or be retired from play
7. adj , adv
Away from home: away from home or your place of work
adj He's not answering the doorbell, so he must be out.
adv She's not answering the phone; she must have gone out.
8. adj , adv
Farther away: refers to the tide when the sea moves away from the shore
adj We can cross to the island when the tide is out.
adv The tide moves out at around five o'clock.
9. adj , adv
No longer burning: no longer alight or no longer burning
adj The fire is out.
adv The light has gone out.
10. adj , adv
In flower: in flower
adj The daffodils are out at last.
11. adj , adv
Available: available for people to buy
adj Her new book is out in paperback.
12. adj , adv
On strike: on strike
adj The miners have been out for a month now.
adv Several hundred workers came out in protest over the benefit cuts.
13. adj
No longer in game: unable to take part any longer in a game or sport
14. adj
Considering verdict: describes a jury that is considering its verdict
15. adj
Incorrect: inaccurate or incorrect look - the figures are way out.
16. adj
Unacceptable: unacceptable or not worth considering that possibility is out, I'm afraid.
17. adj
Unfashionable: no longer in fashion
18. adj
Intent: determined or intent on something
He's just out for what he can get.
19. adj
Unconscious: unconscious she was out cold.
20. adj
Used up: used up or exhausted all our rations are out.
21. adj
Not in government: no longer in power or office
22. adj
Finished: completed or concluded before the year is out
23. adj
Not operational: not in working order
All the phones are out.
24. adj
retired from play: in baseball, retired from offensive play
25. adj
Openly gay or lesbian: open about being gay or lesbian
He isn't out to his parents.
26. interj
Away from here!: a command for somebody to leave a place
Out! And don't come back!
27. vt
Expose somebody's sexuality: to expose somebody as gay, lesbian, or bisexual or reveal yourself as such
The action group has outed many prominent celebrities.
She outed herself to her parents last week.
28. noun
Way of avoiding bad consequence: a way of escaping from a predicament or avoiding the undesirable consequences of something (informal)
What's my out if things go wrong?
29. noun
baseball play retiring player: in baseball, a play that retires a batter or base runner
[ Old English ūt < Germanic]
out of indicates that somebody leaves a place
Three men came out of the store. indicates that somebody removes something from a place
In her enthusiasm, she pulled the drawer right out of the desk. toward the outside
She looked longingly out of the window. no longer available or in somebody's possession
We're out of butter. using as a source or material
Plastic products are made out of petroleum. indicates the proportion that something is true of
This applies to one out of five adults. indicates that somebody gains an advantage from something
I think I got a lot out of the course. indicates that somebody is sheltered from the weather
Remember to keep out of the sun, or at least use sunblock. beyond the range of a soud
I called her, but she was out of earshot. indicates the motivation behind an action
He only did it out of spite. indicates that somebody is not or is no longer in a situation
A police officer warned them to stay out of trouble.
out of it very drunk, or under the influence of drugs (informal)
You were totally out of it last night!
out with it a command to somebody to let something be known immediately
Come on, what's going on? Out with it!

Wolves

The big bad wolf eats the poor little pig or chases Little Red Riding Hood. The brave young hunter comes along and- BANG! - the wolf is dead. Unfortunately, in some parts of the world there are no more wolves living in the wild. And all because the wolf has traditionally been seen as an evil enemy. In fact this misunderstood animal has many virtues.

Wolves are superb hunter. They prefer hunting wild animals to domestic ones. They do not over-populate, but keep their numbers at the level they can feed. As for killing people, conservationists insist that this is simply not true. “Wolves avoid people. We have to teach the world that wolves only attack human beings in fairy tales.

”There are plans to bring wolves back to the wild areas of Scotland, but local people have doubts about the idea. “We want wolves back. They lived for thousand of years in Scotland – it is their land – but we fear for our animals”, one farmer says. The government has announced that it will pay for any farm animals killed by wolves. People in favour of bringing the wolf back say this: “Let our children have the chance to hear a wolf howl at the moon on a still, Scottish night, and let us be proud that we made it possible”.

Crocodiles

For centuries, people lived with and respected the all-powerful crocodile. Those snapping jaws and lethal teeth frightened all attackers away, whether human or animal. People were also fascinated by their characteristic calls, their beauty and their intelligence. Unfortunately, it was their beautiful skin which put them under threat. When explorers realized how valuable crocodile skin was, everything changed. Hunters risked their lives-and sometimes lost them-in order to satisfy the world’s demand for crocodile skin.

Worse was to come. The crocodiles’ homes began to disappear as new towns and industries were developed on the land near swamps and rivers. Luckily for the crocodiles, people realized that a world without them would just not be the same, and now they have been officially declared an endangered species. In some parts of the world, there are now parks where crocodiles may live safely, with laws to protect them.

“It is illegal to kill crocodiles”, says conservationist Charles Swaby, who has spent the last thirty years protecting the Jamaican crocodiles. The problem is that when farm animals are killed by crocodiles, farmers ignore the law and kill them. This is what Charles is fighting against. “Crocodiles are much more scared of us than we are of them. They are scary but lovely to watch,” he adds. If Charles, and others like him, can convince the world to share this opinion, crocodiles will be with us forever.

Бие даалт 4
1.1b2a3c4c5a6c7b8a9a10a
11b12b13b14a15a16c17a18b
19c20a21b22c23c24a25c26a
27b28c29c30b31c32b33b34c
35a36c37a38c39b40c41a42c
43c44b45b46c47
2. 47b48d49l50e51c52i53a54g
55j56h57f58p59m60n61o62k
3. 63 decided to 64 we 65 been 66 got
4. 67 sunny 68 harmless 69 nearby 70 annoyed
71-72 a 73-74a 75-76b 77-78a 79a 80b

While
We use while + subject + verb:
Subject + verb
I fell asleep while I was watching television.
We met a lot of interesting people while we were on holiday.
Robert suddenly began to feel ill while he was doing the examination.
Some more examples of while:
We saw Amanda while we were waiting for the bus.
While you were out, there was a phone call for you.
Christopher read a book while I watched television.
When you are talking about the future, use the present (not ‘will’) after while:
I’ll be in London next week. I hope to see Tom while I’m there. (not ‘while I will be there’)
What are you going to do while you are waiting? (not ‘while you will be waiting’)
You cannot use as for time in sentences like this. You have to use while
The doorbell rang while we were asleep. (not ‘as we were asleep’)
You can also use –ing after while
Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.
The same thing happens after: while
I’m going to read a lot of books while I’m on holiday. (not ‘while I will be’)

Unit 17 (grammar)
Plurals
To form the plural of a noun, we usually add –s to the singular:
Cat – cats, day – days, chair-chairs

· Noun ending in –o, -ch, - sh, -ss or –x added –es:
Tomato-tomatoes, church- churches, brush-brushes, kiss-kisses, box-boxes
BUT: kilo-kilos
Kimono- kimonos
Photo- photos
Piano –pianos

· Nouns ending in consonant + -y drop the –y and add –ies:
Baby-babies, country-countries, lady –ladies

· Nouns ending in vowel + -y add –s:
Boys – boys, donkey –donkeys

· Nouns ending in –f or fe drop the f or fe and add –ves:
Calf-calves, half-halves, knife-knives, leaf-leaves
Life-lives, loaf-loaves, self-selves, sheaf-sheaves
Shelf-shelves, thief- thieves, wife-wives, wolf-wolves

BUT: hoof, scarf, wharf, add either –s or –ves in the plural:
Hoof-hoofs/hooves, scarf- scarfs/ scarves

Other nouns ending in –f or fe add –s:
Cliff-cliffs, handkerchief-handkerchiefs, belief- beliefs, roof- roofs

· Irregular plurals:
Man-men, woman- women, child-children, foot- feet, goose-geese, louse-lice, mouse-mice, tooth-teeth, ox-oxen, deer-deer, sheep-sheep

· Certain nouns are always plural and take a plural verb:
Clothes, police, trousers, pyjamas, binoculars, scales, scissors, spectacles, arms (weapons), damages (compensation), earnings, greens (vegetables), grounds, out-skirts, savings, stairs, surroundings, valuables, etc

· Some nouns of Greek or Latin origin form their plurals according to the rules of Greek or Latin: crisis-crises, basis- bases, phenomenon- phenomena, datum- data, terminus- termini, medium- media


· Compound nouns normally add –s to the last word:
Boyfriend- boyfriends (noun +noun)
Travel agent – travel agents (noun +noun)
Frying pan- frying pans (adjective +noun)
BUT they add –s to the first word, when the compound noun is composed of noun + preposition (+noun): mother-in-law – mothers-in-law, passer-by – passers-by

Clauses of reason and result
Clauses of reason are introduced by: as, since (=because), because, for (=because).
e.g. they travelled by train because it was cheaper.
We camped near the lake as it was safer.

When the clause of reason precedes the main clause, we separate the two clauses with a comma.
e.g. since she isn’t coming. We’ll go to the party without her.

Reason can also be expressed with:
Because of/Due to + noun/ -ing form
e.g. Due to the fog, all plane departures have been cancelled. Or with: due to the fact/ because of the fact + that- clause
e.g. Due to the fact that there was fog, all plane departures were cancelled.

Clauses of result are introduced by: such + adjective +noun
e.g. it was such a boring lecture that we almost fell asleep.
I’ve never met such interesting people before.

Or so + adjective/adverb
e.g. the lecture was so boring that we almost fell asleep.
She was running so quickly that she tripped and fell.

Too - enough

Too+ adjective/ adverb
(negative meaning)
He’s too tired to go out.
(he’s so tired that he can’t go out)
Adjective/ adverb + enough
(positive meaning)
He’s tall enough to reach the shelf.
(he’s so tall that he can reach the shelf)

NOTE: enough can be followed by nouns. E.g. he’s got enough money to buy a car.

ALL – WHOLE – BOTH – NEITHER – NONE

All refers to more than two people or things. It has a positive meaning and takes a verb in the plural. E.g. all the students took part in the school performance. All of them worked very hard. They were all very satisfied.

Whole (=complete) is used with singular countables. We always use a, the, this, my etc. + whole + countables the whole day = all the day/all day (But: all the money not the whole money)

Both refers to two people or things. It has a positive meaning and takes a verb in the plural. It is the opposite of neither/ not either. E.g. sally and Laura are twelve. Both Sally and Laura are twelve. They are both twelve. Both of them are twelve.
None refers to more than two people or things. It has a negative meaning and isn’t followed by a noun. None of can be used with nouns, his, them etc. followed by a verb either in the singular or plural. It is the opposite of all. E.g. sally, Laura and Ann haven’t been to Rome. None of them have/has been in Rome.

Neither (=not one and not the other) is used before singular countables. They refer to two people or things.neither of takes a verb either in the singular or plural. E.g. Paul hasn’t got any money. Tom hasn’t got any money either. Neither of them have/has got any money.

Unit 17

17 unit

View SlideShare presentation or Upload your own. (tags: gbayarmaa82 j.el210)

Бие даалт 3
1. 1c 2b 3f 4h 5a 6g 7e 8d
2. 1. goes 2. by 3. collect 4. which 5. valuable 6. long 7. more 8. ago
3. 1c 2b 3a 4c 5a 6b 7c 8b 9a 10b 11a 12a 13c 14c 15b 16c 17b 18a 19b 20a 21c 22a 23b 24a 25b 26a 27c 28c 29c 30b 31b 32b 33c 34a 35b 36b 37b 38c 39b 40a 41b 42a 43a 44a 45b 46a 47c 48a 49b 50a 51a 52b 53b 54a 55c 56c 57b 58a 59a 60a 61a 62b 63a 64c

Бие даалт 2
I1b2b3a4a5a6b7a8a9a10c
11c12b13a14b15b16c17b18c
19a20b21c22b23c24a25a26b
27c28b29a30a31a32b33a34a
35a36a37c38b39c40b41a42b43a
II1e2a3f4b5c6d
III1.1a2a3b4b5b6a7a8a9a10c
2. uncomplicated, illogical, disqualified, uninterested, irrealistic, informal, irresistable
3. 1a2b3a4b5a6b4. 1d2b3g4h5a6e7f8c

Бие даалт 1
1a2b3b4b5c6c7b8a9a10c11a12c
13a14a15b16b17c18a19c20a21c
22b23b24b25ca26a27a28cb29a
30b31c32b33b34a35c36a37c38b
39a40c41a42b43c44b45b46b47c
48c49c50b51b52a53c54b55a56c
57a58c59c60c61c62b63b64b65a
66c67b68c69a70b71b72b73c74c
75b76c77a78a79b80b